Solutions Hindi and English medium CBSE Most High top level Class 10 Social Science Pre-Board Sample Paper 2024-25 | Solutions with Questions
CBSE solutions in Hindi and English medium Most High top level Class 10 Social Science Pre-Board Sample Paper for 2024-25. This sample paper covers multiple-choice questions, short answer, long answer, case-based queries, and map skills. Perfect for thorough exam preparation.
SECTION A: (1 Mark Each) solution
- (a) Import duties
Explanation: Import duties are taxes imposed on goods imported from other countries, which restrict free trade.
Hindi Explanation: आयात शुल्क वे कर होते हैं जो अन्य देशों से आयातित वस्तुओं पर लगाए जाते हैं, जो मुक्त व्यापार को प्रतिबंधित करते हैं। - (a) Conservatism
Explanation: After Napoleon’s defeat, European governments were dominated by conservatism, which emphasized tradition and social hierarchy.
Hindi Explanation: नेपोलियन की पराजय के बाद, यूरोपीय सरकारों पर रूढ़िवादिता का दबदबा था, जो परंपरा और सामाजिक पदानुक्रम पर जोर देता था। - (a) By dividing total income by population
Explanation: Per capita income is calculated by dividing a country’s total income by its population.
Hindi Explanation: प्रति व्यक्ति आय एक देश की कुल आय को उसकी जनसंख्या से विभाजित करके गणना की जाती है। - (a) Unable to clear borrowed money
Explanation: A debt trap occurs when a country or individual is unable to repay borrowed money and continues borrowing.
Hindi Explanation: कर्ज के जाल का मतलब है जब कोई देश या व्यक्ति उधार ली गई राशि चुकता करने में असमर्थ होता है और अधिक उधार लेता रहता है। - (a) Economic growth that supports environmental conservation
Explanation: Sustainable development means achieving economic growth while protecting the environment for future generations.
Hindi Explanation: सतत विकास का मतलब है आर्थिक वृद्धि प्राप्त करना जबकि पर्यावरण की सुरक्षा की जाती है ताकि आने वाली पीढ़ियों के लिए संसाधनों की उपलब्धता बनी रहे। - (b) Tamils received provincial autonomy.
Explanation: The 1956 Sri Lanka Act made Sinhala the only official language, and Tamils felt excluded due to lack of autonomy.
Hindi Explanation: 1956 के श्रीलंका अधिनियम के तहत सिंहला को केवल आधिकारिक भाषा बना दिया गया, और तमिलों को स्वायत्तता की कमी के कारण बहिष्कृत महसूस हुआ। - (c) Farmer – Secondary sector
Explanation: A farmer belongs to the primary sector, which involves the extraction of raw materials, not the secondary sector.
Hindi Explanation: किसान प्राथमिक क्षेत्र से संबंधित होते हैं, जो कच्चे माल का निष्कर्षण करता है, न कि माध्यमिक क्षेत्र से। - (b) Britain
Explanation: The Industrial Revolution first took place in Britain, where major industrial changes occurred.
Hindi Explanation: औद्योगिक क्रांति सबसे पहले ब्रिटेन में हुई, जहां प्रमुख औद्योगिक बदलाव आए। - (b) Managed and owned by the government
Explanation: The public sector is owned and operated by the government, such as public services and utilities.
Hindi Explanation: सार्वजनिक क्षेत्र सरकार द्वारा स्वामित्व और संचालित होता है, जैसे सार्वजनिक सेवाएँ और उपयोगिताएँ। - (a) Prevent cutting of trees
Explanation: The Chipko Movement was focused on preventing deforestation by hugging trees to protect them.
Hindi Explanation: चिपको आंदोलन का उद्देश्य वृक्षों को गले लगाकर जंगलों की कटाई को रोकना था। - (d) Laterite Soil
Explanation: Laterite soil is found in regions with high rainfall and temperature, and is rich in iron.
Hindi Explanation: लेटराइट मृदा उन क्षेत्रों में पाई जाती है जहाँ उच्च वर्षा और तापमान होता है और यह लोहा से समृद्ध होती है। - (b) Two or more parties work together for elections.
Explanation: An alliance in politics refers to the cooperation of two or more parties for elections or governance.
Hindi Explanation: राजनीति में गठबंधन का मतलब है चुनावों या शासन के लिए दो या दो से अधिक पार्टियों का एक साथ काम करना। - (b) Globalization
Explanation: Globalization refers to the integration of economies across countries through trade, technology, and communication.
Hindi Explanation: वैश्वीकरण का मतलब है व्यापार, प्रौद्योगिकी और संचार के माध्यम से देशों के बीच अर्थव्यवस्थाओं का एकीकरण। - (b) England
Explanation: In the 19th century, England emerged as a leader in mass production, especially for low-cost machine-made goods.
Hindi Explanation: 19वीं शताबदी में इंग्लैंड कम लागत वाली मशीन निर्मित वस्तुओं के उत्पादन में अग्रणी बन गया। - (c) To encourage women’s participation in politics
Explanation: The reservation for women in local bodies was introduced to ensure greater female representation in politics.
Hindi Explanation: स्थानीय निकायों में महिलाओं के लिए आरक्षण का उद्देश्य राजनीति में महिलाओं की अधिक भागीदारी सुनिश्चित करना था। - (b) R couldn’t explain A, Both A and R are correct.
Explanation: Decentralization strengthens democracy, and reserving seats for women ensures their participation, but R doesn’t directly explain A.
Hindi Explanation: विकेंद्रीकरण लोकतंत्र को मजबूत करता है, और महिलाओं के लिए सीटों का आरक्षण उनकी भागीदारी सुनिश्चित करता है, लेकिन आर, ए को सीधे नहीं समझाता। - (c) United States
Explanation: The United States pioneered mass production techniques, especially with Henry Ford’s introduction of the assembly line.
Hindi Explanation: संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिका ने बड़े पैमाने पर उत्पादन तकनीकों की शुरुआत की, विशेष रूप से हेनरी फोर्ड द्वारा विधानसभा लाइन की शुरुआत के साथ। - (a) Transforming raw materials into finished products
Explanation: The manufacturing sector involves converting raw materials into finished goods that can be sold or used.
Hindi Explanation: निर्माण क्षेत्र में कच्चे माल को तैयार उत्पादों में बदला जाता है जिन्हें बेचा या उपयोग किया जा सकता है। - (b) Liberalism
Explanation: Liberalism advocates for individual freedoms and equality, opposed to aristocratic rule and social hierarchies.
Hindi Explanation: उदारवाद व्यक्तिगत स्वतंत्रताओं और समानता का समर्थन करता है, जो सामंतवादी शासन और सामाजिक पदानुक्रम के खिलाफ होता है। - (b) Through the supply of financial, transport, and educational services
Explanation: The tertiary sector supports economic growth by providing essential services like education, transportation, and finance.
Hindi Explanation: तृतीयक क्षेत्र शिक्षा, परिवहन और वित्त जैसी आवश्यक सेवाएँ प्रदान करके आर्थिक वृद्धि का समर्थन करता है।
SECTION B: (2 Marks Each)
- Two changes introduced by the Treaty of Vienna (1815):
- Restoration of monarchies that Napoleon had overthrown.
- Creation of a balance of power among European nations.
Hindi Explanation: - उन राजशाहीयों की बहाली जो नेपोलियन ने उखाड़ फेंकी थी।
- यूरोपीय देशों के बीच शक्ति संतुलन का निर्माण।
- Two methods to conserve wildlife in India:
- Establishment of wildlife sanctuaries and national parks.
- Implementation of wildlife protection laws.
Hindi Explanation: - वन्यजीव अभ्यारण्य और राष्ट्रीय उद्यानों की स्थापना।
- वन्यजीव संरक्षण कानूनों का कार्यान्वयन।
- Why did Sri Lankan Tamils feel excluded after the 1956 Act?
- The Act made Sinhala the only official language, sidelining Tamil, which was a significant language for Tamils.
Hindi Explanation: - इस अधिनियम ने सिंहला को केवल आधिकारिक भाषा बना दिया, जिससे तमिलों की भाषा को नजरअंदाज किया गया।
- The Act made Sinhala the only official language, sidelining Tamil, which was a significant language for Tamils.
- Define modern money and its uses:
- Modern money refers to currency and coins used for transactions, as well as digital money. It is used to buy goods, services, and make investments.
Hindi Explanation: - आधुनिक मुद्रा से तात्पर्य उन मुद्रा और सिक्कों से है जो लेन-देन के लिए उपयोग की जाती हैं, साथ ही डिजिटल मुद्रा भी है। इसका उपयोग वस्तुओं, सेवाओं को खरीदने और निवेश के लिए किया जाता है।
- Modern money refers to currency and coins used for transactions, as well as digital money. It is used to buy goods, services, and make investments.
SECTION C: (3 Marks Each)
- Explain why the tertiary sector is gaining significance in India:
- The tertiary sector is growing rapidly due to the increasing demand for services like education, healthcare, transportation, and IT. It has becoming a major contributor to India’s GDP.
Hindi Explanation: - तृतीयक क्षेत्र तेजी से बढ़ रहा है क्योंकि शिक्षा, स्वास्थ्य देखभाल, परिवहन और आईटी जैसी सेवाओं की बढ़ती मांग है। यह भारत की जीडीपी में महत्वपूर्ण योगदानकर्ता बन गया है।
- The tertiary sector is growing rapidly due to the increasing demand for services like education, healthcare, transportation, and IT. It has becoming a major contributor to India’s GDP.
- Compare primitive subsistence farming and commercial farming in India:
- Primitive subsistence farming is traditional, using basic tools and relying on natural resources, while commercial farming uses modern equipment and aims to produce crops for sale.
Hindi Explanation: - प्राचीन जीवन निर्वाह कृषि पारंपरिक होती है, जिसमें बुनियादी उपकरणों का उपयोग किया जाता है और प्राकृतिक संसाधनों पर निर्भर होती है, जबकि वाणिज्यिक कृषि आधुनिक उपकरणों का उपयोग करती है और बिक्री के लिए फसलें उगाने का उद्देश्य रखती है।
- Primitive subsistence farming is traditional, using basic tools and relying on natural resources, while commercial farming uses modern equipment and aims to produce crops for sale.
- Explain the importance of decentralization of power:
- Decentralization strengthens democracy by promoting local self-governance, and helps in more effective decision-making by involving people at the grassroots level.
Hindi Explanation: - विकेंद्रीकरण लोकतंत्र को मजबूत करता है क्योंकि यह स्थानीय स्वशासन को बढ़ावा देता है, और यह अधिक प्रभावी निर्णय लेने में मदद करता है, जो लोगों को जमीनी स्तर पर शामिल करता है।
- Decentralization strengthens democracy by promoting local self-governance, and helps in more effective decision-making by involving people at the grassroots level.
SECTION C: (3 Marks Each)
- Describe the early development of printing in Europe:
- The printing press, invented by Johannes Gutenberg in the 15th century, revolutionized the spread of knowledge by enabling mass production of books, making education and information more accessible.
Hindi Explanation: - 15वीं शताब्दी में जोहान्स गुटेन्बर्ग द्वारा आविष्कारित मुद्रण यंत्र ने ज्ञान के प्रसार में क्रांति ला दी, जिससे पुस्तकों का बड़े पैमाने पर उत्पादन संभव हुआ और शिक्षा और जानकारी को अधिक सुलभ बना दिया।
- The printing press, invented by Johannes Gutenberg in the 15th century, revolutionized the spread of knowledge by enabling mass production of books, making education and information more accessible.
- Discuss the working conditions of laborers in the unorganized sector:
- Laborers in the unorganized sector face poor working conditions, lack of job security, long working hours, low wages, and no access to social security benefits.
Hindi Explanation: - असंगठित क्षेत्र में श्रमिकों को खराब कार्य स्थितियों का सामना करना पड़ता है, जैसे नौकरी की सुरक्षा का अभाव, लंबी कार्य अवधि, कम वेतन और सामाजिक सुरक्षा लाभों तक पहुंच का अभाव।
- Laborers in the unorganized sector face poor working conditions, lack of job security, long working hours, low wages, and no access to social security benefits.
SECTION D: Long Answer (5 Marks Each)
- Why is the manufacturing sector called the backbone of economic development?
- The manufacturing sector is crucial for economic development because it creates employment, fosters innovation, generates export income, and improves infrastructure. It also contributes significantly to GDP.
Hindi Explanation: - निर्माण क्षेत्र आर्थिक विकास की रीढ़ माना जाता है क्योंकि यह रोजगार सृजन करता है, नवाचार को बढ़ावा देता है, निर्यात आय उत्पन्न करता है, और बुनियादी ढांचे में सुधार करता है। इसके अलावा, यह जीडीपी में महत्वपूर्ण योगदान करता है।
- The manufacturing sector is crucial for economic development because it creates employment, fosters innovation, generates export income, and improves infrastructure. It also contributes significantly to GDP.
- Describe five essential functions of political parties:
- Political parties form and contest elections, represent various sections of society, formulate policies, mobilize public opinion, and form governments.
Hindi Explanation: - राजनीतिक पार्टियाँ चुनावों में भाग लेती हैं, समाज के विभिन्न वर्गों का प्रतिनिधित्व करती हैं, नीतियाँ तैयार करती हैं, जनमत को प्रोत्साहित करती हैं, और सरकारें बनाती हैं।
- Political parties form and contest elections, represent various sections of society, formulate policies, mobilize public opinion, and form governments.
- OR
Suggest five ways to improve the functioning of political parties:- Promote transparency and accountability, encourage internal democracy, improve electoral reform, focus on policy-driven politics, and ensure equal representation.
Hindi Explanation: - पारदर्शिता और जवाबदेही को बढ़ावा दें, आंतरिक लोकतंत्र को प्रोत्साहित करें, चुनावी सुधारों में सुधार करें, नीति-निर्माण राजनीति पर ध्यान केंद्रित करें, और समान प्रतिनिधित्व सुनिश्चित करें।
- Promote transparency and accountability, encourage internal democracy, improve electoral reform, focus on policy-driven politics, and ensure equal representation.
- Justify the importance of affordable credit for national development:
- Affordable credit promotes entrepreneurship, boosts small and medium enterprises, and provides financial support to agriculture and other sectors, leading to overall economic growth.
Hindi Explanation: - सस्ती क्रेडिट उद्यमिता को बढ़ावा देती है, छोटे और मंझले उद्यमों को प्रोत्साहित करती है, और कृषि और अन्य क्षेत्रों को वित्तीय सहायता प्रदान करती है, जिससे समग्र आर्थिक वृद्धि होती है।
- Affordable credit promotes entrepreneurship, boosts small and medium enterprises, and provides financial support to agriculture and other sectors, leading to overall economic growth.
- OR
Why should banks and cooperatives expand their lending in rural areas?- Expanding credit in rural areas helps in agricultural development, improves infrastructure, supports small businesses, and raises the living standards of rural populations.
Hindi Explanation: - ग्रामीण क्षेत्रों में क्रेडिट का विस्तार कृषि विकास में मदद करता है, बुनियादी ढांचे को सुधारता है, छोटे व्यवसायों को समर्थन देता है, और ग्रामीण जनसंख्या के जीवन स्तर को बढ़ाता है।
- Expanding credit in rural areas helps in agricultural development, improves infrastructure, supports small businesses, and raises the living standards of rural populations.
SECTION E: Case-Based (4 Marks Each)
- Case 1: Economic Challenges in 19th-Century Europe
- (a) What economic hardships were faced in Europe during the early 19th century?
- Europe faced economic hardships like high unemployment, feudal exploitation, and widespread poverty due to the decline of feudalism and the rise of industrialization.
Hindi Explanation: - यूरोप को 19वीं शताबदी की शुरुआत में उच्च बेरोज़गारी, सामंतवादी शोषण, और औद्योगिकीकरण के कारण व्यापक गरीबी जैसी आर्थिक समस्याओं का सामना करना पड़ा।
- Europe faced economic hardships like high unemployment, feudal exploitation, and widespread poverty due to the decline of feudalism and the rise of industrialization.
- (b) Which country led in producing inexpensive machine-made goods?
- England was the leader in producing inexpensive machine-made goods during the 19th century, thanks to the Industrial Revolution.
Hindi Explanation: - इंग्लैंड 19वीं शताबदी में सस्ते मशीन निर्मित सामान का उत्पादन करने में अग्रणी था, जो औद्योगिक क्रांति का परिणाम था।
- England was the leader in producing inexpensive machine-made goods during the 19th century, thanks to the Industrial Revolution.
- (c) How did feudal dues affect European peasants?
- Feudal dues heavily burdened European peasants, as they had to pay taxes and rent to their lords, leaving them with little income to support their families.
Hindi Explanation: - सामंतवादी शुल्क ने यूरोपीय किसानों पर भारी बोझ डाला, क्योंकि उन्हें अपने मालिकों को कर और किराया देना पड़ता था, जिससे उनके पास अपने परिवार का पालन करने के लिए बहुत कम आय बचती थी।
- Feudal dues heavily burdened European peasants, as they had to pay taxes and rent to their lords, leaving them with little income to support their families.
- (a) What economic hardships were faced in Europe during the early 19th century?
- Case 2: Employment Potential in India
- (a) How many jobs can be created in education alone?
- The education sector can create millions of jobs, especially with the increasing demand for teachers and administrative roles in schools and colleges.
Hindi Explanation: - शिक्षा क्षेत्र लाखों नौकरियाँ उत्पन्न कर सकता है, विशेष रूप से स्कूलों और कॉलेजों में शिक्षकों और प्रशासनिक भूमिकाओं की बढ़ती मांग के साथ।
- The education sector can create millions of jobs, especially with the increasing demand for teachers and administrative roles in schools and colleges.
- (b) List two areas with significant employment opportunities.
- Two areas with significant employment opportunities in India are the IT sector and healthcare.
Hindi Explanation: - भारत में महत्वपूर्ण रोजगार अवसरों वाले दो क्षेत्र हैं आईटी क्षेत्र और स्वास्थ्य देखभाल।
- Two areas with significant employment opportunities in India are the IT sector and healthcare.
- (c) What did the Planning Commission reveal about the tourism sector’s potential?
- The Planning Commission revealed that the tourism sector has immense potential to generate employment and contribute significantly to the economy.
Hindi Explanation: - योजना आयोग ने बताया कि पर्यटन क्षेत्र में रोजगार सृजन करने की अपार क्षमता है और यह अर्थव्यवस्था में महत्वपूर्ण योगदान दे सकता है।
- The Planning Commission revealed that the tourism sector has immense potential to generate employment and contribute significantly to the economy.
- (a) How many jobs can be created in education alone?
SECTION F: Map Skill-Based (5 Marks) Solution
- On the provided map of India:
- (a) Mark and label a major iron and steel plant.
- The Tata Steel Plant at Jamshedpur is a major iron and steel plant in India.
Hindi Explanation: - जमशेदपुर में स्थित टाटा स्टील संयंत्र भारत का एक प्रमुख लोहा और स्टील संयंत्र है।
- The Tata Steel Plant at Jamshedpur is a major iron and steel plant in India.
- (b) Identify and mark an important location associated with the Indian National Movement.
- The location of the Salt March can be marked in Dandi, Gujarat.
Hindi Explanation: - भारतीय राष्ट्रीय आंदोलन से जुड़ी महत्वपूर्ण जगह के रूप में गांधीजी द्वारा किया गया नमक सत्याग्रह दांडी, गुजरात में था।
- The location of the Salt March can be marked in Dandi, Gujarat.
- (a) Mark and label a major iron and steel plant.
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